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Two important traits that contribute to honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) colony survival are resistance to varroa and longevity of worker bees. We investigated the relationship between a panel of single nucleotide polymorphism markers and three phenotypic measurements of colonies: (a) percentage of mites in brood (MIB); (b) proportion of fallen injured mites; and (c) longevity of workers. We used single marker analysis to identify genetic intervals that may confer resistance and increased lifespan. One gene related to memory and learning,  Ddc  was identified for MIB, as was  acj6 , which functions for olfactory perception. These genes may contribute to elevated levels of mite detection and removal. Three genes were identified with high relevance for mite injury.  CYP315A1  and  Ptp69D  function in motor neuron axon guidance in response to chemical stimuli.  RabGAP11  is also involved in sensory function, specifically sensory organ development. Evidence for the longevity quantitative trait locus was also strong and one gene ( Orct)  is related to improved lifespan in both humans and  Drosophila . Together, these genes provide possible avenues to be pursued for further development for eventual marker-assisted selection.

Molecular genetic analysis of Varroa destructor mites in brood, fallen injured mites, and worker bee longevity in honey bees