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This work investigates the natural self-cleaning capacity of Chernozem soil in the face of oil pollution. A field experiment in 2019–21 on heavy loam  Haplic Chernozem  confirmed that after oil pollution up to 1.6 l/m 2 , Chernozem can clean itself to an acceptable level in 2 years. With contamination of 6.4 and 25.6 l/m 2 , petroleum hydrocarbon content decreased by more than half by the 24th month, but not enough to support rye and mustard for bioremediation. The oil also caused water repellence and a decrease in water-holding capacity, nitrification, and available phosphorus. Lack of available nitrogen limits the rate of petroleum biodegradation; therefore, application of nitrogen fertilisers should be part of the bioremediation.

Dynamics of Chernozem’s self-cleaning from oil pollution over two years