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Stub loaded pocket-shaped fractal antenna (PSFA) with defected ground structure of volumetric dimensions 32 × 36 × 1.6 mm 3  for UWB technology has been presented in this manuscript. Proposed structure exhibits improved impedance bandwidth in juxtaposition to other geometries like antenna with partial ground plane and ground plane with defects. Ground plane of proposed antenna has been modified for attaining the improved results. Finally, the structure of antenna with modified ground plane reveals the wider impedance bandwidth of 11.80 GHz (149.36%) and 5.33 GHz (30.75%) in the frequency range from 2.0 to 13.80 GHz and 14.67 to 20.0 GHz, respectively. The peak gain of antenna is also computed and divulged as 7.02 dB at 9.7 GHz frequency band. The co- and cross-polarisation radiation patterns in E- and H-plane of proposed antenna are measured and presented at frequency points 3.0, 4.9, 7.3, 8.8, 10.2, 13.0, 16.6 and 19.4 GHz. Proposed antenna has been simulated and its performance is also being investigated using HFSS V13 simulator. Further, optimised antenna geometry is fabricated, and fair comparison between simulated and measured results has been drawn and divulged in reasonable agreement with each other. The proposed antenna has reported the wider bandwidth which made it a suitable candidate for distinct wireless applications in the UWB frequency range.

Design and investigation of pocket shaped fractal antenna using circular ring elements for UWB technology with stub loaded DGS