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Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2,  and Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2  coatings were deposited on AISI 304 stainless steel plates by the sol–gel dipping technique, and the effects of the coating composition on microstructure, wear, and corrosion characteristics were examined. Tribological features were determined by ball-on-disc sliding tests against an Al 2 O 3  ball under a 10 N load, while corrosion properties were evaluated by potentiodynamic polarisation tests performed in 3.5% wt. NaCl solution. γ-Al 2 O 3 , α-Al 2 O 3,  and rutile phases were detected in the hybrid coatings. The highest coating thickness was obtained in single Al 2 O 3  film and decreased with an increasing amount of TiO 2  nanoparticles. The single Al 2 O 3  layer had both the highest wear resistance and the lowest corrosion resistance. Although TiO 2  addition caused an increase in the wear rate, it improved the corrosion resistance of the coating by filling the voids in the Al 2 O 3  film. The Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2  hybrid film with a relative ratio of 6:1 as a candidate for the wear- and corrosion-resistant coating decreased wear and corrosion losses of the 304 substrates by 83% and 97%, respectively.

Improving wear and corrosion protection of AISI 304 stainless steel by Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2 hybrid coating via sol-gel process