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6 mm 5083-H112 aluminum alloy sheets were friction stir welded (FSW) while rotation rate was 500–1200 rpm and the welding speed was 100–300 mm/min. The influence of rotation rate and welding speed on the welds’ microstructure and mechanical properties were evaluated. The results revealed that under the experimental parameters, the welds have good appearances and no welding defects. The nugget zones presented equiaxed recrystallized grains and the grain size decreased with the increase of welding speed or the decrease of tool rotation rate. The NZ presented the highest hardness of all FSW joints because of the formation of fine equiaxed grains by dynamic recrystallization. The joint efficiencies of the ultimate tensile strength were more than 94%. The strength increases and the elongation decreases with the increase of the rotation rate and the decrease of the welding speed.

Effect of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded 5083-H112 alloy