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The 1.5 mol% Na 2 O excess (Na 0.52 K 0.44 Li 0.04 )(Nb 0.88 Sb 0.08 Ta 0.04 )O 3  (NKN-LST) matrix powders were calcined at 500–950 °C. A perovskite structure of calcined powders without crystallinity obtains calcined at 550 °C. As the calcination temperature increases to 750 °C, NKN-LST powders have a single orthogonal structure. When the calcination temperature ≥800 °C, NKN-LST powders form tetragonal structure. In the calcination temperature range of 800–900 °C, it can be seen that there exists a two-phase coexistence of orthogonal and tetragonal structure in NKN-LST powders. Highly textured (001)-NKN-LST were prepared by the templated grain growth (TGG) using a two-step thermal process with Na 2 O as a low temperature sintering aid. And the texture and properties of NKN-LST textured ceramics have a great influence on the calcination temperature of matrix materials. The optimum electrical properties of NKN-LST ceramics with an orientation degree of 98.9%, a  d33  of 442 pC/N, a  kp  of 0.58, an  ε33T  of 2935, were calcined at 750 °C, sintered for 1115 °C, 8 h. Therefore, the reduction of calcination temperature induces a significant advancement of 1.5 mol% Na 2 O excess NKN-LST textured ceramics.

ferroelectrics

Effect of calcination temperature on the structural and electrical properties of low temperature sintered the (Na 0.52 K 0.44 Li 0.04 )(Nb 0.88 Sb 0.08 Ta 0.04 )O 3  textured ceramics