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Muscle fatigue is a risk factor for developing shoulder musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to identify shoulder electromyographic indicators that are most indicative of muscle fatigue during a laboratory simulated manual handling task. Thirty-two participants were equipped with electromyographic electrodes on 10 shoulder muscles and moved boxes for 45-minutes. The modified rate of perceived exertion (mRPE) was assessed every 5-minutes and multivariate linear regressions were performed between myoelectric manifestation of fatigue (MMF) and the mRPE scores. During a manual handling task representative of industry working conditions,  spectral entropy ,  median frequency , and  mobility  were the electromyographic indicators that explained the largest percentage of the mRPE. Overall, the deltoids, biceps and upper trapezius were the muscles that most often showed significant changes over time in their electromyographic indicators. The combination of these three indicators may improve the accuracy for the assessment of MMF during manual handling. Practitioner Summary:  To date, muscle fatigue has primarily been assessed during tasks done to exhaustion, which are not representative of typical working conditions. During a manual handling task representative of industry working conditions, EMG-derived  spectral entropy , and  median frequency , both extracted from time-frequency analysis, and  mobility  extracted from time domain, were the best indicators of the manifestation of muscle fatigue.

Shoulder electromyography-based indicators to assess manifestation of muscle fatigue during laboratory-simulated manual handling task