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Turbulent, recirculating, lean propane-air flames with inlet mixture stratification and preheat have been simulated under stable and limiting burning conditions. The modeled burner setup comprises a supply tube enclosing three sequential disks producing two consecutive premixing cavities. Fuel is injected in the first cavity and is partially premixed with primary air flowing through this cavity system, resulting in a radially stratified equivalence ratio profile at the inlet of the afterbody disk flame stabilizer. Detailed velocity, turbulence, fuel-air mixing, and imaging data have been previously reported for inlet preheats from 300 to 573 K and for a range of fuel flow rates. The simulations were carried out with a finite-volume-based method, using the dynamic Smagorinsky subgrid model coupled with two combustion methodologies, a quasi-laminar reaction rate approach and the Thickened Flame Model approach. Propane oxidation was modeled with a 22-species skeletal scheme. OH* chemiluminescence distributions were also computed by post-processing quasi-steady state derived algebraic expressions, exploiting directly simulated species thus enabling comparisons with experimental images. The simulations were evaluated against velocity, turbulence, and temperature measurements as well as chemiluminescence images. These comparisons allowed for an assessment of the methodologies’ capability to reproduce important trends such as the notable extension of stable operation to ultra-lean mixtures, the appreciable effect on the near flame aerodynamic stretch and the variations in the local flame structure.

An Investigation of Axisymmetric Disk Stabilized Propane-Air Flames Operating under Inlet Mixture Preheat and Stratification