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Ca and P are both essential nutrients for bone and are known to affect one of the most important regulators of bone metabolism, parathyroid hor- mone (PTH). Too ample a P intake, typical of Western diets, could be deleterious to bone through the increased PTH secretion. Few controlled dose - response studies are available on the effects of high P intake in man. We studied the short-term effects of four P doses on Ca and bone metabolism in fourteen healthy women, 20- 28 years of age, who were randomized to four controlled study days; thus each study subject served as her own control. P supplement doses of 0 (placebo), 250, 750 or 1500 mg were taken, divided into three doses during the study day. The meals served were exactly the same during each study day and provided 495 mg P and 250 mg Ca. The P doses affected the serum PTH (S-PTH) in a dose-dependent manner (P¼ 0·0005). There was a decrease in serum ionized Ca concentration only in the highest P dose (P¼ 0·004). The marker of bone formation, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, decreased (P¼ 0·05) and the bone resorption marker, N-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I, increased in response to the P doses (P¼ 0·05). This controlled dose - response study showed that P has a dose- dependent effect on S-PTH and increases PTH secretion significantly when Ca intake is low. Acutely high P intake adversely affects bone metab- olism by decreasing bone formation and increasing bone resorption, as indicated by the bone metabolism markers. Parathyroid hormone: Bone metabolism: Phosphorus intake: Dose-response study

High phosphorus intakes acutely and negatively affect Ca and bone metabolism in a dose-dependent manner in healthy young females