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An enzymatic activity that catalyzes ATP-dependent homologous pairing and strand exchange of duplex linear DNA and single-stranded circular DNA has been purified several thousand-fold from a human leukemic T-lymphoblast cell line. The activity was identified after chromatography of nuclear proteins on a Z-DNA column matrix. The reaction was shown to transfer the complementary single strand from a donor duplex linear substrate to a viral circular single-stranded acceptor beginning at the 5' end and proceeding in the 3' direction (5'----3'). Products of the strand-transfer reaction were characterized by electron microscopy. A 74-kDa protein was identified as the major ATP-binding peptide in active strand transferase fractions. The protein preparation described in this report binds more strongly to Z-DNA than to B-DNA.

Identification of homologous pairing and strand-exchange activity from a human tumor cell line based on Z-DNA affinity chromatography.