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We have used a catheterization system that permits chronic infusion into the arterial supply of one hindlimb of rats to study the direct effects of rat growth hormone and human somatomedin C on growth of the tibial epiphyseal cartilage plate in hypophysectomized rats. Rat growth hormone (0.4 microgram per day) or human somatomedin C (0.25, 1, or 4 micrograms per day) stimulated growth of the epiphyseal plate of the infused limb but not of that of the contralateral noninfused limb. The somatomedin C had a dose-related effect. Rabbit antiserum to human somatomedin C, but not normal rabbit serum, completely abolished the direct growth effect of the rat growth hormone when it was co-infused with the hormone. These results support the concept that growth hormone stimulates long bone growth by inducing local production of somatomedin, which in turn stimulates cell proliferation in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. However, they do not exclude the possibility that serum somatomedin may also play a role.

Evidence suggesting that the direct growth-promoting effect of growth hormone on cartilage in vivo is mediated by local production of somatomedin.