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Recent studies of the lifetime of fluorescence after picosecond pulse excitation of photosynthetic organisms revealed relatively complex decay kinetics that indicated a sum of three exponential components with lifetimes spanning the range from about 0.1-2.5 ns. These fluorescence lifetime data were examined in the context of a simple photochemical model for photosystem II that was used previously to account for fluorescence yield data obtained during continuous illumination. The model, which consists of a single fluorescing species of antenna chlorophyll and a reaction center, shows that, in general, the decay kinetics after pulse excitation should consist of the sum of two exponential decays. The model also shows that in going from open to closed reaction centers the lifetime of fluorescence may increase much more than the yield of fluorescence and surprisingly long fluorescence lifetimes can be obtained. However, conditions can be stated where fluorescence will decay essentially as a single component and with lifetime changes that are proportional to the yield changes. A heterogeneity was also introduced to distinguish photosystem II(alpha) units, which can transfer excitation energy among themselves but not the photosystem I, and photosystem II(beta) units, which can transfer energy to photosystem I but not to other photosystem II units. It is proposed that the rather complex fluorescence lifetime data can be accounted for in large part by the simple photochemical model with the alpha, beta heterogeneity in photosystem II.

Fluorescence lifetimes in the bipartite model of the photosynthetic apparatus with α, β heterogeneity in photosystem II