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The gene for the so-calledM r 32,000 rapidly labeled photosystem II thylakoid membrane protein (here designatedpsbA ) of spinach (Spinacia oleracea ) chloroplasts is located on the chloroplast DNA in the large single-copy region immediately adjacent to one of the inverted repeat sequences. In this paper we show that the size of the mRNA for this protein is ≈ 1.25 kilobases and that the direction of transcription is towards the inverted repeat unit. The nucleotide sequence of the gene and its flanking regions is presented. The only large open reading frame in the sequence codes for a protein ofM r 38,950. The nucleotide sequence ofpsbA fromNicotiana debneyi also has been determined, and comparison of the sequences from the two species shows them to be highly conserved (&gt;95% homology) throughout the entire reading frame. Conservation of the amino acid sequence is absolute, there being no changes in a total of 353 residues. This leads us to conclude that the primary translation product ofpsbA must be a protein ofM r 38,950. The protein is characterized by the complete absence of lysine residues and is relatively rich in hydrophobic amino acids, which tend to be clustered. Transcription of spinachpsbA starts about 86 base pairs before the first ATG codon. Immediately upstream from this point there is a sequence typical of that found inE. coli promoters. An almost identical sequence occurs in the equivalent region ofN. debneyi DNA.

proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america

Nucleotide sequence of the gene for the M r 32,000 thylakoid membrane protein from Spinacia oleracea and Nicotiana debneyi predicts a totally conserved primary translation product of M r 38,950