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The extent of binding of 10 radioactively labeled odorant amino acids to a sedimentable fraction (fraction P2) derived from the olfactory rosettes of the rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri corresponded closely with their reported relative stimulatory effectiveness measured electrophysiologically. L isomers were bound to a greater extent than their respective D isomers. Binding of L-alanine was strongly and irreversibly inhibited by mercurials but was not affected by sulfhydryl-blocking reagents. Binding was saturable and reversible. Scatchard analyses gave evidence of two types of binding sites for most of the amino acids studied. The Kd values of the higher-affinity binding sites were similar among the amino acids, being in the range of 10(-6) M; differences occurred in the relative numbers of sites, n. These results, coupled with those from competition experiments, lead to the postulate that a multiplicity of types of olfactory binding sites exist in the trout: site TSA, which binds L-threonine, L-serine, and L-alanine; site L, which binds L-lysine; and site AB which binds beta-alanine. Tentative assignments are: site V, which binds L-valine; site H, which binds L-histidine; and site AD, which binds D-alanine. Site AD may be a lower affinity site for L-alanine. Binding of olfactory stimulus molecules appears to be an initial discrimination step in olfaction.

proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america

Biochemical studies of olfaction: binding specificity of radioactively labeled stimuli to an isolated olfactory preparation from rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).