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Significance Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a highly contagious disease caused by prions that affects several cervid species and is relentlessly spreading across North America. Very recently, CWD was detected for the first time in Europe. In this study, we found that Norwegian CWD strains are distinct from those causing the epidemic in North America. Moreover, we show that Norwegian reindeer and moose are affected by different CWD strains, revealing an unprecedented prion strain variation in Norwegian wild cervid populations. These findings indicate that North American CWD prions are not the proximate cause of the newly discovered Norwegian CWD cases and have implications for CWD control strategies in Europe, as well as for the safety of humans.

Studies in bank voles reveal strain differences between chronic wasting disease prions from Norway and North America