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Significance The valorization of the plant polymer lignin is critical to enable the bioeconomy, but the heterogeneity of lignin presents a barrier to its use. Natural microbial conversion processes funnel aromatic compound mixtures to single products and thus, have emerged as a means to overcome lignin heterogeneity. Accordingly, understanding the mechanisms that bacteria use to convert lignin degradation products is of importance for their eventual industrial application. Here, we demonstrate that a promising bacterial chassis for lignin-relevant synthetic biology,Pseudomonas putida , secretes outer membrane vesicles that turn over aromatic compounds extracellularly. From this work, we propose a mechanism for extracellular nutrient acquisition from aromatic compounds by soil bacteria, which holds promise for improving the efficiency of microbial lignin conversion.

Outer membrane vesicles catabolize lignin-derived aromatic compounds in Pseudomonas putida KT2440