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Significance Unraveling the mechanical behavior of comet-forming materials is key for understanding the genesis and nature of these primordial bodies. We show that the two cometesimals forming comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko underwent global brittle plastic deformation at the impact that created the bilobate nucleus. Impact-induced deformations were accommodated through large-scale folding of the layered structure and the formation of deep fractures. Axial compression and transversal elongation of the Small Lobe’s structure highlighted by three-dimensional modeling indicate that deformation was globally transferred to transversal strain. These features point to a rheological model in which the bonding action of ice with potential contribute of organics is a main factor governing the bulk rheology of cometesimals.

Global-scale brittle plastic rheology at the cometesimals merging of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko