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Significance Environmental water deficiency and osmotic stress have been proposed to trigger the opening of osmolality-sensitive OSCA channels, leading to downstream signaling cascades necessary for abiotic stress resistance. We report the structural and functional analysis of OSCA1.2 from the crop plant rice. By combining biochemical, biophysical, and computational studies, we derive a model of how OSCA1.2 could mediate transport pathway gating under osmotic stress. Structure and functional analyses provide a molecular framework for studying proposed mechanosensing mechanisms in plants.

Cryo-EM structure of OSCA1.2 from Oryza sativa elucidates the mechanical basis of potential membrane hyperosmolality gating