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Significance Word generation in human language is fundamentally based on the ability to use a finite set of meaningless sounds in different combinations across contexts. Investigating whether animals share this basic capacity has been hampered by difficulties in identifying the extent to which animal vocalizations can be decomposed into smaller meaningless, yet shared, sounds. Through implementing a habituation-discrimination experiment, we show that a pair of functionally distinct chestnut-crowned babbler (Pomatostomus ruficeps ) vocalizations are composed of perceptibly distinct, contextually meaningless sounds that are shared across the different calls. We conclude that the individual sounds represent building blocks that generate meaning when combined in a particular way, akin to word formation in human language.

Chestnut-crowned babbler calls are composed of meaningless shared building blocks