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Significance SolubleN -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor(SNARE) proteins drive membrane fusion by zippering into coiled-coil bundles between membrane bilayers. In this work, we showed that certain layers in the SNARE bundle are dispensable for SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. However, these layers are required for fusion reactions activated by the cognate Sec1/Munc18 (SM) protein or a synthetic Vc peptide derived from the vesicular SNARE. Strikingly, we identified a conserved SNARE-like peptide (SLP) in SM proteins that structurally and functionally resembles Vc peptide. Like Vc peptide, SLP binds and activates target SNAREs, stimulating the fusion reaction. These data suggest that the SM protein uses its SNARE-like sequence to promote the SNARE zippering pathway, ensuring the efficiency of vesicle fusion.

SNARE zippering requires activation by SNARE-like peptides in Sec1/Munc18 proteins