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Significance Membrane fusion is a fundamental process of eukaryotic cells required for subcellular organization and cell–cell communication, involving SNARE proteins and regulatory Sec1/Munc18 (SM) proteins. In plant cytokinesis, membrane vesicles delivered to the cell-division plane fuse with one another to form the partitioning membrane, which requires cytokinesis-specific Qa-SNARE KNOLLE and interacting SM protein KEULE inArabidopsis . KEULE has a paralog named SEC1B, which originated through gene duplication and subsequent functional diversification during angiosperm evolution. Biochemical interaction studies and analysis of relevant double mutants reveal that a predominant interaction of SEC1B with Qa-SNARE SYP132 entailed its preferential role in secretion, whereas KEULE acquired a unique role in cytokinesis through its interaction with cytokinesis-specific Qa-SNARE KNOLLE.

Functional diversification of Arabidopsis SEC1-related SM proteins in cytokinetic and secretory membrane fusion