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Significance The compositional basis for the biconcave shape of the human red blood cell is unknown. The present work used red blood cell ghosts, which retain the ability to become biconcave discs, which were centrifuged as spheres onto coated coverslips. It was found that during their centrifugation, they became oriented with a dense band located in an equatorial plane of the sphered ghost. When the ghosts were transformed into biconcave discs, they collapsed in place with the dense band in the rim. These shape changes were recorded microscopically. These results indicate that the biconcave shape depends on differences in the density between their rim and the dimple regions and specify that the underlying cytoskeletal complex is asymmetrically distributed.

Evidence that asymmetry of the membrane/cytoskeletal complex in human red blood cell ghosts is responsible for their biconcave shape