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Significance Phytohormone pathways provide plants with a powerful regulatory potential to prioritize their defense strategies to different attackers. However, some pathogens and herbivores can manipulate plant defenses for their own benefits by leveraging these pathways. Identification of effectors that modulate host defenses could provide new insights into pathogens/herbivores-plant interaction. Here we report that a newly discovered insect salivary effector, injected into plant tissues during feeding, facilitates insect performance by activation of plant salicylic acid-signaling pathway. The insect salivary effector achieves this function via interacting with a plant KNOTTED 1-like homeobox transcription factor. These findings extend the existing pathogen effector paradigm to herbivores and give valuable clues for developing novel strategies for pest management.

A salivary effector enables whitefly to feed on host plants by eliciting salicylic acid-signaling pathway