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Significance Early embryogenesis of most metazoans features rapid and synchronous cell divisions. InDrosophila embryos, traveling waves of activity of Cdk1, the master regulator of the cell cycle, are responsible for the synchronization of the cell cycle. Here, we elucidate the spreading of Cdk1 waves by demonstrating a unique physical mechanism for the generation of waves in biological systems. The mechanism hinges on time-dependent effects in a reaction–diffusion system, namely the fact that they can sweep the overall level of the Cdk1 field upward, while preserving its spatial gradients. The resulting waves are faster than those triggered by the invasion of a metastable state by a stable state. Theoretical predictions are confirmed experimentally by direct live imaging of Cdk1 activity.

Mitotic waves in the early embryogenesis of Drosophila : Bistability traded for speed