English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful genetic model,essential for investigations ranging from behavior to neuroscience to aging,and locomotion is a key observable used in these studies. However, despite thefact that in its natural environment C. elegans moves in three-dimensional (3D)complex media (decomposing organic matter and water), quantitative investigations of its locomotion have been limited to two-dimensional (2D)motion. Based on our recent quantitative analysis of 2D turning maneuvers[Phys. Fluids 25, 081902 (2013)] we follow with the first quantitativedescription of how C. elegans moves in 3D environments. We show that bysuperposing body torsion and 2D undulations, a burrowing or swimming nematodecan rotate the undulation plane. A combination of these roll maneuvers and 2Dturns associated with variation of undulation-wave parameters allows thenematode to explore 3D space. We apply our model to analyze 3D chemotaxis ofnematodes burrowing in a gel and swimming in water; we conclude that thenematode can achieve efficient chemotaxis in different environments withoutadjusting its sensory-motor response to chemical signals. Implications of ourfindings for understanding of 3D neuromuscular control of nematode body arediscussed.

Navigation of C. elegans in three-dimensional media: roll maneuvers and planar turns