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Collective cell migration is a highly regulated process involved in woundhealing, cancer metastasis and morphogenesis. Mechanical interactions amongcells provide an important regulatory mechanism to coordinate such collectivemotion. Using a Self-Propelled Voronoi (SPV) model that links cell mechanics tocell shape and cell motility, we formulate a generalized mechanical inferencemethod to obtain the spatio-temporal distribution of cellular stresses frommeasured traction forces in motile tissues and show that such traction-basedstresses match those calculated from instantaneous cell shapes. We additionallyuse stress information to characterize the rheological properties of thetissue. We identify a motility-induced swim stress that adds to the interactionstress to determine the global contractility or extensibility of epithelia. Wefurther show that the temporal correlation of the interaction shear stressdetermines an effective viscosity of the tissue that diverges at theliquid-solid transition, suggesting the possibility of extracting rheologicalinformation directly from traction data.

Correlating Cell Shape and Cellular Stress in Motile Confluent Tissues