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Significance As an E3 ubiquitin ligase, CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) directly ubiquitinates and triggers the degradation of various downstream targets and acts as a central repressor of light signaling. In this study, our data reveal that a Ser/Thr kinase, PINOID (PID), promotes photomorphogenic development. PID directly interacts with COP1 and phosphorylates it at the site of Ser20, thereby repressing the activity of COP1 in plants. Thus, our findings provide insight into the precise regulatory mechanism in maintaining appropriate COP1 activity in response to dynamically changing light conditions in plants.

Phosphorylation and negative regulation of CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 by PINOID in Arabidopsis