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Significance Bacteria coordinate behavior through production, release, and detection of chemical signals called autoinducers. While most are species-specific, autoinducer-2 is used by many species and facilitates interspecies communication. Because many important behaviors, including virulence and biofilm formation, are thus regulated, methods for interfering with this communication are regarded as promising alternatives to antibiotics. Some bacteria can manipulate levels of autoinducer-2 in the environment, interfering with the communication of other species. Here we characterize the terminal step in the pathway thatEscherichia coli uses to destroy this signal via a novel catalytic mechanism, and identify products that link quorum sensing and primary cell metabolism.

LsrF, a coenzyme A-dependent thiolase, catalyzes the terminal step in processing the quorum sensing signal autoinducer-2