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An ordered phase showing remarkable electronic anisotropy in proximity to thesuperconducting phase is now a hot issue in the field ofhigh-transition-temperature superconductivity. As in the case of copper oxides,superconductivity in iron arsenides competes or coexists with such an orderedphase. Undoped and underdoped iron arsenides have a magnetostructural orderedphase exhibiting stripe-like antiferromagnetic spin order accompanied by anorthorhombic lattice distortion; both the spin order and lattice distortionbreak the tetragonal symmetry of crystals of these compounds. In this orderedstate, anisotropy of in-plane electrical resistivity is anomalous and difficultto attribute simply to the spin order and/or the lattice distortion. Here, wepresent the anisotropic optical spectra measured on detwinned BaFe2As2 crystalswith light polarization parallel to the Fe planes. Pronounced anisotropy isobserved in the spectra, persisting up to an unexpectedly high photon energy ofabout 2 eV. Such anisotropy arises from an anisotropic energy gap opening belowand slightly above the onset of the order. Detailed analysis of the opticalspectra reveals an unprecedented electronic state in the ordered phase.

Unprecedented anisotropic metallic state in BaFe2As2 revealed by optical spectroscopy