English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Pro

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Presents AI Discovery search usage as a premium feature

AI Discovery

Presents AI Discovery explain and summary usage as a premium feature

Content Analysis

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

1500 Top-up

3000 Top-up

Zendy Basic

2500 Top-up

Zendy Unlimited

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

The substance P (SP)-preferring receptor neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) has two forms: a full-length receptor consisting of 407 aa and a truncated receptor consisting of 311 aa. These two receptors differ in the length of the C terminus of NK-1R. We studied the undifferentiated and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated human monocyte/macrophage cell line THP-1 to investigate the expression and function of NK-1R. The expression of full-length and truncated NK-1R in this cell line was determined by using real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Undifferentiated THP-1 cells expressed only truncated NK-1R. The differentiation of THP-1 cells with PMA to a macrophage-like phenotype resulted in the expression of full-length NK-1R, which was functionally accompanied by an SP (10(-6) M)-induced Ca2+ increase. In contrast, the addition of SP (10(-6) M) did not trigger Ca2+ response in undifferentiated THP-1 cells; however, SP did enhance the CCR5-preferring ligand RANTES (CCL5)-mediated Ca2+ increase. When a plasmid containing the full-length NK-1R was introduced into undifferentiated THP-1 cells, exposure to SP triggered Ca2+ increase, demonstrating that the full-length NK-1R is required for SP-induced Ca2+ increase. The NK-1R antagonist aprepitant (Emend, Merck) inhibited both the SP-induced Ca2+ increase in PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells and the SP priming effect on the CCL5-mediated Ca2+ increase, indicating that these effects are mediated through the full-length and truncated NK-1R, respectively. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that there are unique characteristics of NK-1R expression and NK-1R-mediated signaling between undifferentiated THP-1 cells and THP-1 cells differentiated to the macrophage phenotype.

Full-length and truncated neurokinin-1 receptor expression and function during monocyte/macrophage differentiation