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Meat quality and carcass traits were measured for 2180 feedlot finished Brahman (BRAH) and Tropical Composite (TCOMP) steers to investigate genetic and non-genetic influences on shear force, and other meat quality traits. Genetic and phenotypic correlations were estimated between carcass and meat quality traits, and with live animal measurements collected in steers from weaning to feedlot exit, and their heifer half-sibs up to their first mating, which weremanagedinAustralia'stropicalorsubtropicalenvironments.Leftsidesofcarcassesweretenderstretched(hungbythe aitch-bone)whilerightsideswereconventionallyhung(bytheAchillestendon).Tenderstretchingreducedmeanshearforce by1.04kg,andphenotypicvarianceby77%ofthatobservedinconventionallyhungsides.Genotypedifferencesexistedfor carcass traits, with TCOMP carcasses significantly heavier, fatter, with greater eye muscle area, and lower retail beef yield than BRAH. TCOMP had lower shear force, and higher percent intramuscular fat. Meat quality and carcass traits were moderately heritable, with estimates for shear force and compression of 0.33 and 0.19 for BRAH and 0.32 and 0.20 for TCOMPrespectively.Inbothgenotypes,estimatesofheritabilityforcarcasstraits(carcassweight,P8andribfatdepths,eye muscle area and retail beef yield) were consistently moderate to high (0.21 to 0.56). Shear force and compression were genetically correlated with percent intramuscular fat (rg = -0.26 and -0.57, respectively), and meat colour (rg = -0.41 and -0.68, respectively). For TCOMP, lower shear force was genetically related to decreased carcass P8 fat depth (rg = 0.51). ForBRAHsteersandheifersmeasuredatpasture,fatnesstraitsandgrowthratesweregeneticallycorrelatedwithshearforce, althoughthemagnitudeoftheserelationshipsvariedwithtimeofmeasurement.Netfeedintakewassignificantlygenetically correlated with carcass rib fat depth (rg = 0.49), eye muscle area (rg =-0.42) and retail beef yield (rg=-0.61). These results demonstratethatselectiontoimproveproductionandcarcasstraitscanimpactmeatqualitytraitsintropicallyadaptedcattle, and that genotype specific evaluations will be necessary to accommodate different genetic relationships between meat quality, carcass and live animal traits.

Genetics of meat quality and carcass traits and the impact of tenderstretching in two tropical beef genotypes