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The objective of this experiment was to quantify differences in feed efficiency and feeding behaviour of 470 heifers and steers by Brahman, Belmont Red, Santa Gertrudis, Angus, Hereford, Shorthorn, Charolais and Limousin sires mated to Brahman dams. Animals were bred in subtropical Queensland and finished in a temperate New South Wales feedlot.Animalsaveraged598daysofageand425.8kgatthestartofthefeedintaketestperiod.Sirebreedsdidnotdifferfor eatingrate,feedconversionratioorrelativegrowthrate.Generally,higherdailyfeedintakes(DFI)correspondedwithhigher averagedailygains(ADG).StraightbredBrahmansfedthemostfrequently(16.6  0.8sessions/day;P <0.05)butspentthe least time eating of all breeds (67.4  2.7 min/day; P < 0.001). Least squares means for Brahman, Belmont Red, Santa Gertrudis, Angus, Hereford, Shorthorn, Charolais and Limousin sired progeny, respectively, for residual feed intake (RFI; P < 0.05) were 0.02  0.16, 0.14  0.13, -0.10  0.23, 0.54  0.17, -0.27  0.18, 0.29  0.18, -0.46  0.16 and -0.21  0.13 kg/day, and for ADG (P < 0.001) were 1.06  0.05, 1.17  0.04, 1.52  0.08, 1.47  0.06, 1.46  0.06, 1.46  0.06, 1.35  0.06 and 1.38  0.05 kg/day. While straightbred Brahmans did not differ from all other sire breeds for RFI, their lower appetite relative to crossbred contemporaries resulted in the lowest DFI (P < 0.001) and lowest ADG (P < 0.001) overall. Angus sired crosses were the least efficient feeders and spent the most time eating, consumed the most feed and had the highest RFI, but were not significantly different to Santa Gertrudis and Shorthorn crosses for these traits. Angus sired crosses spent 24.1 and 15.4 min/day more time eating (P < 0.001) than straightbred Brahmans and Charolais crosses, and consumed 35 and 13% more feed (P <0.001) respectively. Charolais sired crosses were the most feed efficient with the lowest RFI and intermediate DFI, and did not differ significantly from the highest ranking sire breeds for ADG or Kleiberratio.WhileBelmontRedcrossesdidnotdifferfromallbreedsforRFI,theyhadsignificantlylowerDFIthanBritish andSantaGertrudiscrossesresultinginlowerADG(P <0.001)relativetothesesirebreeds.Therefore,selectionofCharolais, Hereford, Limousin and Santa Gertrudis sire breeds would result in the most feed efficient (low RFI) crosses with Brahman without any sacrifice in ADG.

animal production science

Brahman and Brahman crossbred cattle grown on pasture and in feedlots in subtropical and temperate Australia. 3. Feed efficiency and feeding behaviour of feedlot-finished animals