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The annual crucifers, Lepidium hyssopifolium Desv. and L. bonariense (L.) (pepperwort or peppercress), and Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) ;Medic. (shepherd's purse) are common weeds of farm and pasture in south-east Queensland. These and other cruciferous weeds are frequently grazed by livestock during dry winter months and when ingested can impart objectionable flavours to the milk of dairy cattle, or to chicken and beef flesh.l.2 The incidence of "weed taints" in milk and other dairy produce can be quite severe during unfavourable seasonal conditions and is of considerable economic concern to the dairy industry in Queensland. Little is known of the chemical nature of the substances responsible for these taints, although it is commonly believed that the constituent mustard oil glucosides are in some way implicated.1 Indeed, benzyl thiocyanate, which is a product of an enzymic degradation of glucotropaeolin, the constituent mustard oil glucoside of Coronopus didymus Sm., is known to be a substance responsible for the development of the C, didymus taint in milk.3 Hussong et a1.4 and later Conochie5 reported that the milk of cows ingesting Lepidium spp. had a high content of indole or skatole, which was thought to be responsible for the "faecal" odour present in such milk. We now wish to report the presence of glucotropaeolin in the seed-bearing portions of L. hyssopifolium and L. bonariense and the presence of the mustard oil glucoside sinigrin in C. bursa pastoris. The seeds of L. hyssopifolium were found to contain c. 0 1 % of glucotropaeolin, a yield comparable to those found in other Lepidium spp. examined elsewhere.6 A second mustard oil glucoside, probably sinigrin, was shown to be present in small amount in the seeds of L. bonariense. The occurrence of mustard oil glucosides in the Lepidium spp, examined here suggests that these constituents may contribute to the development of the Lepidium taint in meat and dairy produce in a manner analogous to the Coronopus taint. However, this contrasts to the reports that skatole and/or indole are responsible for the Lepidium taint in milk, and a further study of the role of these glucosides or their breakdown products in the development of the Lepidium taint is warranted.

The occurrence of mustard oil glucosides in Lepidium hyssopifolium Desv., L. bonariense (L.) and Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) Medic