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Nickel-doped lithium manganate spinels are a potential material for future energy storage owing to high cell potential and low price. Phase-pure spinels are difficult to prepare by conventional solid-state synthesis methods owing to loss of oxygen from the crystal lattice at high temperature (~800°C). Loss of oxygen causes Jahn–Teller distortion and Mn4+ is converted into Mn3+, which results in undesired double-plateau discharge and reduction in capacity and stability of the material. In this study, nanocrystalline phase-pure LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 was prepared by co-precipitation with cyclohexylamine followed by calcination at a low temperature of 500°C. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed that a highly crystalline face-centred cubic product is formed with F-d3m space group. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope studies confirmed that the particles are in the nano range with a porous structure. The as-prepared LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 showed a high initial specific capacity (up to 130 mA h g–1) and retained up to 120 mA h g–1 up to 50 cycles. The material has high conductivity and remains stable up to a 20-C discharge rate.

Low-temperature Synthesis of Nanocrystalline LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and its Application as Cathode Material in High-power Li-ion Batteries