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Biomassofroots,theroot:shootratio(ratioofbelow-toabovegroundbiomass)andcarbonstocksbelowground (to 100-cm depth) were estimated in different open savannah environments in the extreme north of the Brazilian Amazon. Sampling was conducted in permanent plots established in two open savannah areas in the state of Roraima. We identified fourphytopedounitsinthe27plotssampledintwoareas:fourindrygrasslandsonArgisol/Ultisolsoils(DG-Arg),eightindry grasslands on Latosol/Oxisol soils (DG-Lts), five in a mosaic of grasslands with savannah-parkland on Latosol/Oxisol soils (GP-Lts) and 10 in seasonally flooded (wet) grasslands on Hydromorphic/Entisol soils (WG-Hyd). Fine roots ( 92.5%). Biomass of the roots in WG-Hyd (29.52  7.15Mgha -1 ) was significantly higher as compared with the other phytopedounits studied, although the carbon stocks did not differ among the phytopedounits (6.20-7.21MgCha -1 ). The largest concentration of roots was found in the upper three 10-cm sections of the soil profile, ranging from 56.3 to 82.9% in the four environments. The root:shoot ratio based only on living biomass of roots with diameter  2mm (standard Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change methodology) ranged from 0 for seasonally flooded grasslands to 0.07-0.20 for unflooded grasslands on clay soils. The results indicate that the root:shoot ratio (expansion factor) for belowground biomass in open savannah ecosystems in the northern Amazon are low and differ from the default values used in Brazil's reference report to the Climate Convention.

Root biomass, root:shoot ratio and belowground carbon stocks in the open savannahs of Roraima, Brazilian Amazonia