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.The authors investigate whether the percentage of green space in people's living environ-ment affects their feelings of social safety positively or negatively. More specifically they investigatethe extent to which this relationship varies between urban and rural areas, between groups in thecommunity that can be identified as more or less vulnerable, and the extent to which different types ofgreen space exert different influences. The study includes 83736 Dutch citizens who were interviewedabout their feelings of social safety. The percentage of green space in the living environment of eachrespondent was calculated, and data analysed by use of a three-level latent variable model, controlledfor individual and environmental background characteristics. The analyses suggest that more greenspace in people's living environment is associated with enhanced feelings of social safetyöexcept invery strongly urban areas, where enclosed green spaces are associated with reduced feelings of socialsafety. Contrary to the common image of green space as a dangerous hiding place for criminal activitywhich causes feelings of insecurity, the results suggest that green space generally enhances feelings ofsocial safety. The results also suggest, however, that green space in the most urban areas is a matterof concern with respect to social safety.

Is Green Space in the Living Environment Associated with People's Feelings of Social Safety?