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The breakup of liquid threads into smaller droplets is a fundamental problemin fluid dynamics. In this study, we estimate the characteristic wavelength ofthe breakup process by means of many-body dissipative particle dynamics. Thiswavelength shows a power-law dependence on the Ohnesorge number in line withresults from stability analysis. We also discover that the number of satellitedroplets exhibits a power-law decay with exponent $0.72 \pm 0.04$ in theproduct of the Ohnesorge and thermal capillary numbers, while the overall sizeof main droplets is larger than that based on the characteristic wavelengththanks to the asynchronous breakup of the thread. Finally, we show that theformation of satellite droplets is the result of the advection of pinchingpoints towards the main droplets in a remaining thinning neck, when thevelocity gradient of the fluid exhibits two symmetric maxima.

Liquid Thread Breakup and the Formation of Satellite Droplets