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The paper is devoted to two-phase flow simulations and investigates theability of a diffusive interface Cahn-Hilliard Volume-of-Fluid model to capturethe dynamics of the air-sea interface at geophysically relevant Reynoldsnumbers. It employs a hybrid filtered/averaging Improved Detached EddySimulation method to model turbulence, and utilizes a continuum model toaccount for surface tension if the diffuse interface is under-resolved by thegrid. A numerical wind-wave tank is introduced to limit computational costs andresults obtained for two wind-wave conditions are analyzed in comparison toexperimental data at matched Reynolds numbers. The focus of the comparison ison both time-averaged and wave-coherent quantities, and includes pressure,velocity as well as modeled and resolved Reynolds stresses. In general,numerical predictions agree well with the experimental measurements andreproduce many wave-dependent flow features. Reynolds stresses near the watersurface are found to be especially important in modulating the critical layerheight. It is concluded that the diffusive interface approach proves to be apromising method for future studies of air-sea interface dynamics ingeophysically relevant flows.

Two-Phase Flow Simulations of Surface Waves in Wind-Forced Conditions