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The aim of this paper is to calculate the time dependence of the meanposition (and orientation) of a fluid particle when a fluid system atthermodynamic equilibrium is submitted to a mechanical action. The startingpoint of this novel theoretical approach is the introduction of a mechanicalenergy functional. Then using the notions of inertial modes and actiontemperature, and assuming a mechanical energy equipartition principle per mode,the model predict the existence of a dynamic phase transition where therheological behavior of the medium evolves from a solid-like to a liquid-likeregime when the mechanical action is increased. The well-known Newtonianbehavior is recovered as limiting case. The present modeling is applied to theanalysis of recent liquid water viscoelastic data pointing out a prevalentelastic behavior in confined geometry. It is demonstrated that the model makesit possible to understand these data in a coherent and unified way with thetransport properties (viscosity and self-diffusion coefficient). It isconcluded that any finite volume of fluid at rest possesses a static shearelasticity and should therefore be considered as a solid-like medium.

physics of fluids

A novel general modeling of the viscoelastic properties of fluids:  application to mechanical relaxation and low frequency oscillation  measurements of liquid water