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Generation and amplification of magnetic fields in plasmas is a long-standingtopic that is of great interest to both plasma and space physics. The electronWeibel instability is a well-known mechanism responsible for self-generatingmagnetic fields in plasmas with temperature anisotropy and has been extensivelyinvestigated in both theory and simulations, yet experimental verification ofthis instability has been challenging. Recently, we demonstrated a newexperimental platform that enables the controlled initialization of highlynonthermal and/or anisotropic plasma electron velocity distributions viaoptical-field ionization. Using an external electron probe bunch from a linearaccelerator, the onset, saturation and decay of the self-generated magneticfields due to electron Weibel instability were measured for the first time toour knowledge. In this paper, we will first present experimental results ontime-resolved measurements of the Weibel magnetic fields in non-relativisticplasmas produced by Ti:Sapphire laser pulses (0.8 $\mu m$) and then discuss thefeasibility of extending the study to quasi-relativistic regime by usingintense $\rm CO_2$ (e.g., 9.2 $\mu m$) lasers to produce much hotter plasmas.

Electron Weibel instability induced magnetic fields in optical-field ionized plasmas