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The emerging instability of a forced throughflow in a fluid saturatedhorizontal porous duct of rectangular cross section is investigated. The ductis heated from below by assuming the horizontal boundaries to be at differenttemperatures. Both the horizontal and the vertical boundaries are impermeableand the basic flow is parallel to such boundaries. The porous medium isanisotropic with different permeabilities in the vertical and horizontaldirections. The effect of the anisotropy on the onset of the buoyancy drivenmodal instability and absolute instability is analysed. The parametricconditions leading to the instability of the basic flow are determined byemploying an analytical dispersion relation. The different permeabilities inthe vertical and horizontal directions come out to play opposite roles in theonset of modal instability and in the transition to absolute instability. It isshown that an increasing vertical permeability has a destabilising effect,while an increasing horizontal permeability has a stabilising effect.

Effects of anisotropy on the transition to absolute instability in a porous medium heated from below