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Carpets of beating cilia represent a paradigmatic example of self-organizedsynchronization of noisy biological oscillators, characterized by travelingwaves of cilia phase. We present a multi-scale model of a cilia carpet, whichcomprises realistic hydrodynamic interactions between cilia computed for achiral cilia beat pattern from unicellular Paramecium and active noise of thecilia beat. We demonstrate an abrupt loss of global synchronization beyond acharacteristic noise strength. We characterize stochastic transitions betweensynchronized and disordered dynamics, which generalizes the notion of phaseslips in pairs of coupled noisy phase oscillators. Our theoretical workestablishes a link between the two-dimensional Kuramoto model of phaseoscillators with mirror-symmetric oscillator coupling and detailed models ofbiological oscillators with asymmetric, chiral interactions.

Synchronization in cilia carpets and the Kuramoto model with local coupling: breakup of global synchronization in the presence of noise