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The injection of liquid fuel at supercritical pressures is a relevant topicin combustion, but usually overlooked. In the past, the wrong assumptionwhereby the liquid experiments a fast transition to a supercritical state wasmade, thus neglecting any role of two-phase interface dynamics in the earlystages of the atomization process. However, recent studies have shown thatlocal thermodynamic phase equilibrium and mixing between the involved speciesallow the coexistence of both phases in this pressure range. In this work, aVolume-of-Fluid method adapted to variable-density real fluids is used to solvethe low-Mach-number governing equations coupled with a thermodynamic modelbased on the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state. The mixing process,interface thermodynamics and early deformation of a cool liquid jet composed ofn-decane surrounded by a hotter gas composed of oxygen at 150 bar are analyzed.Although heat conducts from the hotter gas into the liquid, net condensationcan provide the proper local energy balance at high pressures. Then,vaporization and condensation may happen simultaneously at different interfacelocations. As pressure increases, liquid and gas mixtures become more alike inthe vicinity of the interface. Thus, a combination of low surface tension forceand gas-like liquid viscosities causes an early growth of surfaceinstabilities. Early results indicate some similarity with high-Weber-numberincompressible flows. The role of vortex dynamics on the interface deformationis analyzed by using the dynamical vortex identification method.

Liquid-jet instability at high pressures with real-fluid interface thermodynamics