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Magnetic reconnection is a primary driver of particle acceleration processesin space and astrophysical plasmas. Understanding how particles are acceleratedand the resulting particle energy spectra is among the central topics inreconnection studies. We review recent advances in addressing this problem innonrelativistic reconnection that is relevant to space and solar plasmas andbeyond. We focus on particle acceleration mechanisms, particle transport due to3D reconnection physics, and their roles in forming power-law particle energyspectra. We conclude by pointing out the challenges in studying particleacceleration and transport in a large-scale reconnection layer and the relevantissues to be addressed in the future.

The Acceleration of Charged Particles and Formation of Power-law Energy Spectra in Nonrelativistic Magnetic Reconnection