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The present study focuses on the application of a picosecond (ps) TALIFtechnique in krypton (Kr) at variable pressure (0.1-10 mbar). The laserintensity (I, units W.cm$^{-2}$) is tuned between 1 and 480 MW.cm$^{-2}$, andthe depletion of the density of the Kr 5p'[3/2]$_2$ fluorescing state throughphotoionization (PIN) and amplified stimulated emission (ASE) is investigated.This is done by combining TALIF experiments with a simple 0D numerical model.We demonstrate that for a gas pressure of 3 mbar and 15 < $\le$ 480MW.cm$^{-2}$, a saturated fluorescence signal is obtained, which is largelyattributed to PIN, ASE being negligible. Also, a broadening of the two-photonabsorption line (i.e. 4p$^6$ $^1$S0$\to$5p'[3/2]$_2$) is recorded due to theproduction of charged species through PIN, inducing a Stark effect. ForI$\le$15 MW.cm$^{-2}$, though, PIN is significantly limited, the absorptionline is noticeably narrowed, and the quadratic dependence of the TALIF signalintensity versus the laser energy is obtained. Thus, in this case, theinvestigated Kr TALIF scheme, using the 5p'[3/2]$_2\to$5s[3/2]$_1$ fluorescencechannel, can be used for calibration purposes in ps-TALIF experiments. Theseresults are of interest for fundamental research since most ps-TALIF studiesperformed in Kr do not investigate in detail the role of PIN and ASE on thedepletion of the Kr 5p'[3/2]$_2$ state density. Moreover, this work contributesto the development of ps-TALIF for determining absolute densities and quenchingcoefficients of H and N atoms in plasmas. This is useful in numerousplasma-based applications (e.g. thin film synthesis, biomedical treatments,plasma-assisted combustion, ...), for which the knowledge of thedensity/kinetics of reactive atoms is essential.

physics of plasmas

Picosecond two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (ps-TALIF)  in krypton: the role of photoionization on the density depletion of the  fluorescing state Kr 5p'[3/2]$_2$