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When a droplet impacts a fabric mesh at a sufficiently high impact velocity,it not only spreads over the fabric but also penetrate its pores. To determinethe influence of this liquid penetration of the fabric on droplet spreading onthin fabric meshes, we measured the droplet spreading ratio on fabric with andwithout an underlying substrate using a high-speed camera. For fabrics withouta substrate, the droplet spreading ratio is reduced as the fabric penetrationby the liquid reduces the droplet volume spreading on top of the fabric. Usingentropic lattice Boltzmann simulations, we find that the lower dropletspreading ratio on fabrics, both with and without a substrate, is due to anincrease of viscous losses inside the droplet during spreading. Comparingdroplet impact of blood with its Newtonian counterpart, we show that forspreading on fabrics, just like on smooth surfaces, blood can be approximatedas a Newtonian fluid.

Droplet impact of Newtonian fluids and blood on simple fabrics: effect of fabric pore size and underlying substrate