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Spintronic structures are extensively investigated for their spin orbittorque properties, required for magnetic commutation functionalities. Currentprogress in these materials is dependent on the interface engineering for theoptimization of spin transmission. Here, we advance the analysis of ultrafastspin-charge conversion phenomena at ferromagnetic-transition metal interfacesdue to their inverse spin-Hall effect properties. In particular the intrinsicinverse spin Hall effect of Pt-based systems and extrinsic inverse spin-Halleffect of Au:W and Au:Ta in NiFe/Au:(W,Ta) bilayers are investigated. Thespin-charge conversion is probed by complementary techniques -- ultrafast THztime domain spectroscopy in the dynamic regime for THz pulse emission andferromagnetic resonance spin-pumping measurements in the GHz regime in thesteady state -- to determine the role played by the material properties,resistivities, spin transmission at metallic interfaces and spin-flip rates.These measurements show the correspondence between the THz time domainspectroscopy and ferromagnetic spin-pumping for the different set of samples interm of the spin mixing conductance. The latter quantity is a criticalparameter, determining the strength of the THz emission from spintronicinterfaces. This is further supported by ab-initio calculations, simulationsand analysis of the spin-diffusion and spin relaxation of carriers within themultilayers in the time domain, permitting to determine the main trends and therole of spin transmission at interfaces. This work illustrates that time domainspectroscopy for spin-based THz emission is a powerful technique to probespin-dynamics at active spintronic interfaces and to extract key materialproperties for spin-charge conversion.

Ultrafast spin-currents and charge conversion at 3d-5d interfaces probed by time-domain terahertz spectroscopy