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The intermediate band solar cell (IBSC) and quantum ratchet solar cell (QRSC)have the potential to surpass the efficiency of standard single-junction solarcells by allowing sub-gap photon absorption through states deep inside the bandgap. High efficiency IBSC and QRSC devices have not yet been achieved, however,since introducing mid-gap states also increases recombination, which can harmthe device. We consider the electronically coupled upconverter (ECUC) solarcell and show that it can achieve the same efficiencies as the QRSC. Althoughthey are equivalent in the detailed balance limit, the ECUC is less sensitiveto nonradiative processes, which makes it a more practical implementation forIB devices. We perform a case study of crystalline-silicon based ECUC cells,focusing on hydrogenated amorphous silicon as the upconverter material andhighlighting potential dopants for the ECUC. These results illustrate a newpath for the development of IB-based devices.

Efficiency limits of electronically-coupled upconverter and quantum ratchet solar cells using detailed balance