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Colloid or nanoparticle mobility under confinement is of central importanceto a wide range of physical and biological processes. Here, we introduce aminimal model of particles in a hydrodynamic continuum to examine how particleshape and concentration affect the transport of particles in sphericalconfinement. Specifically, an immersed boundary-General geometry Ewald-likeapproach is adopted to simulate the dynamics of spheres and cylinders under theinfluence of short-and long-range fluctuating hydrodynamic interactions withappropriate non-slip conditions at the confining walls. An efficient$\it{O(N)}$ parallel finite element algorithm is used, thereby allowingsimulations at high concentrations, while a Chebyshev polynomial approximationis implemented in order to satisfy the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Aconcentration-dependent anomalous diffusion is observed for suspendedparticles. It is found that introducing cylinders in a background of spheres,i.e. particles with a simple degree of anisotropy, has a pronounced influenceon the structure and dynamics of the particles. First, increasing the fractionof cylinders induces a particle segregation effect, where spheres are pushedtowards the wall and cylinders remain near the center of the cavity. Thissegregation leads to lower mobility for the spheres relative to thatencountered in a system of pure spheres at the same volume fraction. Second,the diffusive-to-anomalous transition and the degree of anomaly--quantified bythe power-law exponent in the mean square displacement vs. time relation-bothincrease as the fraction of cylinders becomes larger. These findings are ofrelevance for studies of diffusion in the cytoplasm, where proteins exhibit adistribution of size and shapes that could lead to some of the effectsidentified in the simulations reported here.

Shape induced segregation and anomalous particle transport under spherical confinement