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Polycrystalline samples of Z-type hexaferrites, having nominal compositions$\mathrm{Ba_3Co_{2+x}Fe_{24-2x}M_xO_{41}}$ where M = $\mathrm{Ir^{4+}, Hf^{4+},Mo^{4+}}$ and x=0 and 0.05, were processed via ceramic processing protocols inpursuit of low magnetic and dielectric losses as well as equivalentpermittivity and permeability. Fine process control was conducted to ensureoptimal magnetic properties. Organic dispersants (i.e., isobutylene and maleicanhydride) were employed to achieve maximum densities. Crystallographicstructure, characterized by X-ray diffraction, revealed that doping with$\mathrm{Ir^{4+}, Hf^{4+}, Mo^{4+}}$ did not adversely affect the crystalstructure and phase purity of the Z-type hexaferrite. The measured microwaveand magnetic properties show that the resonant frequency shifts depending onthe specific dopant allowing for tunability of the operational frequency andbandwidth. The frequency bandwidth in which permittivity and permeability arevery near equal (i.e., ~400 MHz for $\mathrm{Mo^{4+}}$ (x), where x=0.05doping) is shown to occur at frequencies between 0.2 and 1.0 GHz depending ondopant type. These results give rise to low loss at 650 MHz, with considerablesize reduction of an order of magnitude, while maintaining the characteristicimpedance of free space (i.e., 377 $\mathrm{\Omega}$). These results allow forminiaturization and optimized band-pass performance of magnetodielectricmaterials for communication devices such as antenna and radomes that can beengineered to operate over desired frequency ranges using cost effective andvolumetric processing methodologies.

applied physics letters

Broadband Free Space Impedance in $\mathrm{Co_2Z}$ Hexaferrites by  Substitution of Quadrivalent Heavy Transition Metal Ions for Miniaturized RF  Devices